Human migration: Recurrent dynamics in contemporary geopolitics and the defense of fundamental rights in the 21st century

Abstract

Beyond the legal fictions internalized in uninformed public opinion, planet Earth constitutes a geographical totality dominated by the biosphere, an interconnected system that sustains life in its multiple forms. Following the coordinates of Foucault's, 1988, critical analysis, despite this essential ontological unity, human beings have historically divided the world through (artificial) political and juridical borders that reflect the fiction of power and domination of nation-states and, moreover, of their constituent elites. In this order of ideas, the objective of this research was to reflect on the fact that all migrations of living beings, especially human ones, are a process inherent to nature and should be understood, consequently, from a natural perspective as a sociopolitical expression that prioritizes human dignity over any other situation of territorial control. In a critical tone, it is concluded that the migratory justice of the 21st century must be built on three pillars: recognizing the historical debt of countries enriched by colonialism and extractivism; guaranteeing biocultural passports that allow safe mobility, and creating transnational institutions of governance based on planetary hospitality.