Rational and irrational critiques of the models of rational modernity in Latin America

Abstract

Modern rationality from its Cartesian beginnings has laid the foundations of the present rational modernity, this key premise is fundamental for the elaboration of this article, whose purpose is to establish solid criticisms as valid scientific refocuses on the current modernity. Such criticisms are of a historical-sociological and epistemological nature and, as a whole, intend to offer a critical solidity by breaking down certain characteristics and elements of analysis that configure the volatile and mutant reality of Latin America; possessing sui generis features that deserve to be approached under the magnifying glasses of different scientific disciplines such as sociology, historiography, philosophy and others. Certainly, different methods and scientific approaches from both sociological and historical/philosophical (phenomenology) analyses were used in an interdisciplinary manner. Likewise, aspects of the past were approached through the use of the deductive and inductive method, with the purpose of establishing a series of fundamental criticisms to the historical development reached by the rational and ethnocentric modernity that prevails in the contemporary complexity. It is concluded that the purpose of this article is to approach the understanding of the changing aspects related to epistemic modernity, which becomes sinuous, diffuse, and ambiguous with respect to philosophy in its various paradigms.